陕北地区退耕还林还草工程土壤保护效应的时空特征   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

刘文超  刘纪远  匡文慧 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(3):401-422

This paper looks at the Green for Grain Project in northern Shaanxi Province.Based on remote sensing monitoring data,this study analyzes the locations of arable land in northern Shaanxi in the years 2000,2010 and 2013 as well as spatio-temporal changes over that period,and then incorporates data on the distribution of terraced fields to improve the input parameters of a RUSLE model and simulate and generate raster data on soil erosion for northern Shaanxi at different stages with a accuracy verification.Finally,combined with the dataset of farmland change,compared and analyzed the characteristics of soil erosion change in the converted farmland to forest(grassland)and the unconverted farmland in northern Shaanxi,so as to determine the project’s impact on soil erosion over time across the region.The results show that between 2000 and 2010,the soil erosion modulus of repurposed farmland in northern Shaanxi decreased 22.7 t/ha,equivalent to 47.08%of the soil erosion modulus of repurposed farmland in 2000.In the same period,the soil erosion modulus of non-repurposed farmland fell 10.99 t/ha,equivalent to 28.6%of the soil erosion modulus of non-repurposed farmland in 2000.The soil erosion modulus for all types of land in northern Shaanxi decreased by an average of 14.51 t/ha between 2000 and 2010,equivalent to 41.87%of the soil erosion modulus for the entire region in 2000.This suggests that the Green for Grain Project effectively reduced the soil erosion modulus,thus helping to protect the soil.In particular,arable land that was turned into forest and grassland reduced erosion most noticeably and contributed most to soil conservation.Nevertheless,in the period 2010 to 2013,which was a period of consolidation of the Green for Grain Project,the soil erosion modulus and change in volume of soil erosion in northern Shaanxi were significantly lower than in the previous decade.  相似文献   

城镇化与生态环境耦合的动态模拟——研究进展与展望     

崔学刚  方创琳  刘海猛  刘晓菲  李咏红 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(2):333-352

Urbanization and eco-environment coupling is a research hotspot.Dynamic simulation of urbanization and eco-environment coupling needs to be improved because the processes of coupling are complex and statistical methods are limited.Systems science and cross-scale coupling allow us to define the coupled urbanization and eco-environment system as an open complex giant system with multiple feedback loops.We review the current state of dynamic simulation of urbanization and eco-environment coupling and find that:(1)The use of dynamic simulation is an increasing trend,the relevant theory is being developed,and modeling processes are being improved;(2)Dynamic simulation technology has become diversified,refined,intelligent and integrated;(3)Simulation is mainly performed for three aspects of the coupling,multiple regions and multiple elements,local coupling and telecoupling,and regional synergy.However,we also found some shortcomings:(1)Basic theories are inadequately developed and insufficiently integrated;(2)The methods of unifying systems and sharing data are behind the times;(3)Coupling relations and the dynamic characteristics of the main driving elements are not fully understood or completely identified.Additionally,simulation of telecoupling does not quantify parameters and is not systemically unified,and therefore cannot be used to represent spatial synergy.In the future,we must promote communication between research networks,technology integration and data sharing to identify the processes governing change in coupled relations and in the main driving elements in urban agglomerations.Finally,we must build decision support systems to plan and ensure regional sustainable urbanization.  相似文献   

Post-earthquake economic resilience and recovery efficiency in the border areas of the Tibetan Plateau: A case study of areas affected by the Wenchuan Ms 8.0 Earthquake in Sichuan,China in 2008     

Zhou  Kan  Liu  Baoyin  Fan  Jie 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(8):1363-1381

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The border areas of the Tibetan Plateau and the neighboring mountainous areas have a high incidence of earthquakes with a magnitude greater than Ms 5.0, as well...  相似文献   

China’s rural revitalization and development: Theory,technology and management     

Liu  Yansui  Zang  Yuzhu  Yang  Yuanyuan 《地理学报(英文版)》2020,30(12):1923-1942

Journal of Geographical Sciences - The urban-rural transformation from dichotomy to integration is a gradual process. Like rural areas in many countries, Chinese rural society is experiencing a...  相似文献   

Analysis of Spatial–Temporal Evolution of Mining-Induced Fracture Field: A Case Study Using Image Processing in the Shaqu Coal Mine,China     

Cheng  Zhiheng  Liu  Biao  Zou  Quanle  Wang  Xin  Feng  Jicheng  Zhao  Zhiyan  Sun  Fulong 《Natural Resources Research》2020,29(3):1601-1615

Natural Resources Research - Mining-induced fracture plays a key role in gas drainage for gas burst-prone underground coal mines, especially for closely multilayered coal seams. The layout and...  相似文献   

A case study on Landscape Component Niche based on Landscape Pattern Indices: Yanchi,Ningxia Province,China     

XiaoNing Zhang  XueLu Liu  Ghanney Philip  XiaoDan Li  QuanXi Wang  YaNan Xu  TingTing Hui 《寒旱区科学》2020,(1):22-33

Yanchi County is located in the agro-pastoral ecotone and belongs to the ecologically fragile area of Northwest China.It is important to study the evolution of landscape pattern to curb its environmental degradation.In order to intuitively show how the landscape pattern of the study area changes over time,Landsat Thematic Mappers(TM)and Landsat Operational Land Imager(OLI)data of 1991,2000,2010 and 2017 were used.This paper attempts to apply niche theories and methods into landscape ecology,and constructs a niche model of landscape components by using"n-dimentional hypervolume niche theory"and landscape pattern indices.By evaluating the spatial and temporal evolution of niche from the perspective of two-dimensional space to reflect the changes of landscape pattern in the study area over the past 26 years,new theories and methods were introduced for the characterization of landscape pattern.The results indicate that:1)The larger the attribute and dominance value of landscape components,the higher the ecological niche and the stronger the control effect on the overall landscape.2)The ecological niche of each landscape component was significantly different,just as its control effect on the overall landscape.3)The dynamic change of the ecological niche of each landscape component was different,with grassland,unused land and arable land always in a high dominant position,although the ecological niche of construction land and water area was always low.In general,the introduction of niche theory into the landscape ecology provided a new method to study the changes in regional landscape pattern.  相似文献   

广东省经济增长的扩散回流与市场区效应实证检验     

王效梅  余正颖  刘小勇 《地理科学》2020,40(10):1636-1645

利用广东省2001—2017年121个区县的空间面板数据，对广东省区域发展格局进行了空间探索性分析。并从经济发展水平、区域经济差异和行政等级网状布局3个视角，采用3种中心?次级?外围划分模式，构建基于空间分解的空间计量模型实证检验了扩散回流和市场区效应。研究发现：广东省区域经济发展正在向广深?珠三角非广深?非珠三角的格局演变；上级区域对下级区域的影响仍以回流效应为主，扩散效应逐渐显现；次级区域和外围区域的发展仍受制于行政区划层级的制约，行政区划下的城市等级体系依然显著影响区域经济的扩散回流和市场区效应；下级区域对上级区域的市场区效应依赖于下级区域的经济发展水平，当经济发展水平相差较大时，下级区域难以形成支撑上级区域经济发展的消费市场，广州和深圳2个城市的市场主要是全国和国际市场，珠三角其他城市和非珠三角地市中心城区的市场依然是本地市场。  相似文献   

人力资本促进区域旅游经济效率的空间差异研究   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

生延超  刘晴 《地理科学》2020,40(10):1710-1719

在DEA-MI模型的基础上，采用空间计量模型就人力资本与区域旅游经济效率的关系进行分析，探究人力资本对区域旅游经济效率的贡献。结果发现：旅游经济效率具有典型的“胡焕庸线”空间特征，旅游业及其子行业的区域旅游经济效率以1为标准线上下波动；人力资本与区域旅游经济效率空间关系也基本具备“胡焕庸线”空间特征。宁夏等西北地区区域经济效率较高，虽然人力资本存量不足，但其贡献率较大。福建等东南地区、四川和云南等沿线地区旅游业存在“人力资本错配”现象，东南地区虽然人力资本富集，但其贡献率较低，星级饭店业和旅行社业打破“胡焕庸线”的区域特征；中等人力资本在旅游业及其子行业中能正向促进区域旅游经济效率，高水平人力资本在旅游子行业中能推进经济效率的增长，但在旅游业整体中反而抑制旅游经济效率，这说明旅游业整体上还是一个典型的劳动密集型行业，而星级饭店和旅行社业已经初步具备知识密集型行业特征；区域地理性、对外开放度、基础设施等是人力资本效能发挥的主要影响因素，制约着区域旅游经济效率的提升。因此需要健全旅游人才匹配体系，最大程度地发挥人力资本效能，科学构建人力资本与区域旅游经济效率协同机制。  相似文献   

汾河流域城乡聚落体系发展潜能测度及空间模式探究   总被引：1，自引：1，他引：0  

侯志华  刘敏  樊晓霞  贾宇平 《地理科学》2020,40(12):1978-1989

以11 188个自然聚落斑块为研究对象，基于场强模型，定量测度汾河流域城乡聚落体系发展潜能，借助GIS技术和地理探测器模型，分析其空间格局特征及驱动因素，进而探讨流域城乡融合发展空间模式。结果表明：① 城乡聚落斑块发展潜能差异显著，且空间分布极不均衡；纵向上中游流域高于下游流域高于上游流域，横向上河谷盆地区高于周边缓丘区高于两侧山丘区。② 聚落斑块发展潜能具有正向空间自相关性，高值斑块聚类显著；具有空间异质性特征且方向性明显，汾河主河道方向联动效应最强，空间联系最紧密；存在局域热点区，并呈现“主核–廊道–次核”的空间结构形态。③ 自然基础、社会经济发展水平和区位条件共同影响着城乡聚落体系发展潜质及空间结构形态；融合发展采取非均衡增长路径，市、县、镇、村全局考虑，构建“强化核心点–培育发展轴–扶持特色区–带动全流域”的逐层推进式空间发展模式。  相似文献   

不同时代地理课程内容的社会学分析     

刘星喜 《地理教学》2020,(7):4-5,64

本文从社会学的角度分析地理学科内容的选择,通过分析四个不同时代的课程标准,揭示初中地理课程目标和“区域选择”的特点,并分析其影响因素。  相似文献